Ixchel’s powers include everything governed by the cycles of the moon — water, fertility, harvests, pregnancy — as well as love and sexuality. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. Puch, or as the most famous expression goes, Ah Puch, is a decay-incarnate figure, appearing in both a skeletal and an executional form. Ah Puch is the god of death, darkness, and disaster and yet also apparently represents regeneration, child birth, and beginnings. especially that of the upper god, Itzamna. -"13 Thus Itzamna appears to be "the giver of life," supplying the breath of life that may produce the spark of life for humans. Sort by: Most popular. The god Hunab Ku is also associated with Itzamna, the Mayan creator god and ruler of heaven, day and night. Menulis - Lithuanian god. Group Membership: Ahau (Maya gods or “Ajaw” in modernized Maya) orthography) . Itzamna was the Mayan god of night and day. There is also an association between Kinich Ahau and the Jaguar God of the Underworld, particularly in his manifestation as the Sun God during its nightly journey. Ritual. He frequently appeared as four gods called Itzamnas, who. Stone monuments carved with inscriptions and dates. Hunab Ku is a Mayan divinity, recognized within this culture as "The Only God". Handmade wooden statue of Itzamna. Mayan (ball game, myth metaphor for life + death -> hero twins in jaguar kilts (bridge between worlds), reptile masks, scene of sacrifice, L (god of underworld) as elderly) Temple I 8th century CE MayanETSY: in leather and acrylic paint of the Mayan God Itzamna. Itzamna - Mayan creator god. Itzamná is, in Maya mythology, an upper god and creator deity thought to reside in the sky. A torch, stone celt, or cigar, normally emitting smoke, comes out of his forehead, while a. He is depicted as an old man with a reptilian eye, a. Ix Chel. Itzamna is. Hunahpu-Gutch *PV* By unknown Maya artist – Francis Robicsek: The Maya Book of the Dead. November 18, 2022 by Hernán Gonzales. He may possibly have been one aspect of a malevolent underworld deity who manifested himself under several names and guises (e. E. These deities were particularly important because of their elemental significance to Maya life. Image Source. He was ruler of heaven as well as day and night. These practice questions will help. The sky was made up of 13 levels in the. “The day-to-day activities and the entire life cycle of each person was set by custom and governed by religious beliefs…The Maya kept their lives in harmony with their world- Itzamna is known as the creator. Kinich Ahau [pronunciation?] (Kʼinich Ajaw) is the 16th-century Yucatec name of the Maya sun god, designated as God G when referring to the codices. Soon, the beings traveled to other cities such as Calakmul and Chunchucmil. Yucatan Mayan Corn God Yum Kaax Necklace - God of Wild Vegetation and Animals - Mesoamerica - MexicoItzamna - Mayan creator god. Qʼuqʼumatz ( Mayan: [qʼuːqʼuːˈmats]; alternatively Gukumatz) was a god of wind and rain of the Postclassic Kʼicheʼ Maya. In the mythical narrative, his rulership over these vast (and seemingly contrasting) domains is ‘powered’ by innate and even arcane knowledge,. It was estimated that the Maya had a total of 250 gods. Some of the most important Mayan gods were Itzamna, the god of the sun and the creator god; Kukulkan, the feathered serpent god; and Chaac, the rain god. Mayan Gods, deities and supernatural beings often display unique aspects of nature based often in correlation to the four Bacabs or Cardinal points and/or with the central earth position represented by the Ceiba tree. Itzamna เป็นหนึ่งในเทพเจ้ามายาโบราณที่สำคัญที่สุดและถือเป็นเทพเจ้าแห่งการสร้างสรรค์และนักประดิษฐ์การเขียนและการทำนาย. Itzamna is described as the two-headed sky monster and much of it is because of the fact that his name came from the Yukatec word “itzam”, which literally means lizard. They had a complex religion that included many gods and goddesses. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. Researchers believe that the Mayan group called the Chakan Itza would have used the council house as a place to hold meetings, worship gods, make alliances and officiate marriage ceremonies, and it would. The Maya designed a sophisticated agricultural system that is focused on polyculture. Ah Puch is one of the names associated with a god of death in the ancient Mayan religion. Maya Gods. Sacrifice has been a feature of almost all pre-modern societies at some stage of their development and for broadly the same reason: to propitiate or fulfill a perceived obligation towards the. They will also help with color co-ordination. Illustration. Chaak wears shells over his ears, has a long protruding nose and tendril-like elements curling from each corner of the mouth. Itzamná is the creator of the world and the father of the universe in Maya mythology. Paca Mama is the earth mother. Eric Thompson, proposed that all other deities were but aspects of Itzamna, making Maya religion in a sense monotheistic” (p. Top Sun God of Agriculture and Education. Ah Puch – The God of Death. No obstante cuál es su papel preciso en este. Ixchel in the Dresden Codex. Itzamná is a god of heaven, associated with the Sun, Kinich Ahau, and the moon, Ixchel. Itzámna (who had many names) was Yucatán Maya sky god, the most important and powerful god of heaven and the Sun, usually considered the supreme deity and lord of all the gods. A belief still held by Maya elders is that Zamná named all things; animals, cities and cenotes. Yum Kaax - the nature god. As well, she was depicted with a serpent in. Ruler of the Underworld. The god Hunab Ku is also associated with Itzamna, the Mayan creator god and ruler of heaven, day and night. The God of Fire created the world and made Itzamna the God of Fire. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. Mayan: Itzamna. It’s also possible that the four Bacabs were only sons of Shex Chel and Itzamna. Ixchel, Mayan moon goddess. AmericaIn the Maya pantheon, the most active and important deity. In the Popol Vuh, which is the Maya creation story, the creation of the earth and the first human beings focus on the establishment of corn and on the creator deities. 1. Taube, Karl (2009), The Maya Maize God and the Mythic Origins of Dance. The Maya created an accurate _____ based on cycles of creation and destruction. Another Maya monument, built in the ninth and 10th. He also created the Mayan calender and is also a healer that can resurrect the dead. Maize was. In Maya mythology, Ixchel was an earth and moon goddess, patroness of weavers and pregnant women. Itzamna is commonly portrayed as a dragon-like monster. Gods. Maya religion; Maya death rituals; List of Maya gods and supernatural beings; Maya jaguar gods; Maya priesthood; Maya death gods; Maya dedication rituals; Maya pilgrimage; Template:Maya religion; Usage on fr. Nature gods were revered by a large number of Maya. Goddess O is depicted with a red body, and sometimes with feline aspects such as jaguar claws and fangs; sometimes she wears a skirt marked with crossed bones. Itzamná was also a culture hero who gave humankind writing and the calendar and was patron deity of medicine. Itzamná es el dios del panteón más involucrado a la ciencia y a la escritura, pero también es un dios que tiene algunas referencias claras con la enfermedad. The God of the sky, wisdom and a healer. Chichen Itza was built as a temple to worship Kukulc*n, a. T he name Yum Kaax comes from the Maya words Yum, which means “lord” and Kaax, which stands for “forest” or “the wild”, therefore, his name literally means Lord of the Forest. Ah Mun, the corn god, was a major figure for similar reasons. He is known by other names such as Ah Mun, Yum K’aaz or Yum Uil according to other Mayan languages. Characterized by high age, he is one of the Mam (‘Grandfather’) deities. Ix Chel. Itzamna was the most important of the Maya gods. In the mythology of Shex Chel and Itzamna, she has 13 sons. These are the deities to point you in the right direction. She was also known as the "Lady Rainbow" and was usually shown in Mayan art as an older woman dressed in a skirt with crossed bones on it. Na língua maia , Itzamná. Bacab ( Mayan pronunciation: [ɓaˈkaɓ]) is the generic Yucatec Maya name for the four prehispanic aged deities of the interior of the Earth and its water deposits. G is for Golden Bird. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. Es importante hacer énfasis que Itzamná también tiene algún nexo con los árboles en el mundo de esta civilización mesoamericana. Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University 64:71-79. Despite being a large, toothless old man. The Maya believed that he gave them the calendar and writing. Itzamna - Mayan creator god. He taught the Mayan people the arts of literacy, medicine, science, art, sculpture, and agriculture. ), The Maya and their Sacred Narratives. Calendar. El, Supreme Canaanite God. wu lin 08 Dec , 2015. The Vision Serpent is an important creature in Pre-Columbian Maya mythology, although the term itself is now slowly becoming outdated. Text and Context in Maya Mythologies (Proceedings of the 12th. The role of Itzamna is described as similar to that of. Twentieth-century Lacandon lore includes tales about a creator. Definition. As a prominent deity and creator figure, he was believed to reside in the sky. Fewkes 1895; Seler 1887). Long-nosed God of Lightning and Fire by Royal Appointment. In the pre-Spanish period, Itzamna was often depicted in books and ceramic scenes. Depicted with catfish whiskers, scales, and lightning bolt. Itzamna was the god of fire who created the Earth. Consisting of 260 days, Tzolk'in is the name of the sacred Maya calendar. Yuum Kaax, god of corn and agriculture. Itzamna. Add to Favorites NEW!! Ancient Gods_ Chibi vol 1 - Mayan - Itzamna (233) $ 10. Hunhau is the lord of the Underworld. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. Ra, Egyptian God of the Sun. Chaac (also spelled Chac or, in Classic Mayan, Chaahk [t͡ʃaːhk]) is the name of the Maya god of rain, thunder, and lightning. He was the son of the creator god Hunab Ku and, he was associated with the sun god Kinich Ahau as well as the goddess Ix Chel. Itzamná was one of the most important deities of Mayan mythology. K’uk’ulkan, also spelled Kukulkan (/ k uː k ʊ l ˈ k ɑː n /; lit. His awareness of his own inadequacies before these forces is overwhelming. Mayan Gods. Itzamná is one of the most important gods in. 160). Kukulan. Since Taube’sTake a quick interactive quiz on the concepts in Itzamna Overview, Mythology & Facts | Who is the Maya God Itzamna? or print the worksheet to practice offline. Itzamna. Maya god of heavens and sky. Hay muchos dioses de este tipo en el panteón maya. Maya mythology is complex and has a truly rich. Goddess O is married to Itzamna and thus is one of the two "creator gods" of Maya origin myths. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. Itzamna is one of the main deities of the Maya, at least, the cult of this deity was revered throughout the Mayan civilization, and all the inhabitants of the empire, without exception, worshiped him. . Itzamna - Mayan creator god. Some of the most significant gods include Itzamna the Creator, the rain god Chac, and Ah Puch and Akan. g. He was the god of lightning, thunder, rain and water. Kukulcan (pron. The Mayan civilization was one of the most advanced Mesoamerican societies of its time. Es importante hacer énfasis que Itzamná también tiene algún nexo con los árboles en el mundo de esta civilización mesoamericana. It consisted of twenty-day signs, including periods entitled rabbit, deer. Itzamna was considered the creator deity in the Mayan pantheon. Ahau Kin: sun god. Sin - Mesopotamian god. Zamná también conocido en la cultura maya como Itzamná luego de su deificación, fue el hijo de Hunab Ku, quien era considerado como el dios único y verdadero, el creador. Itzamna - Mayan creator god. Earthenware effigy urn (an incense burner) of Chaac, 12th-14th century. The Ahau (also known as the Maya gods or "Ajaw" in modernized Maya orthography) are a race of superhumanly powerful humanoid beings who have been worshipped by the Mayans of Southern Mexico and northern Central America from 1800 BC to the 16th century AD, though they are still actively invoked by some of the indigenous population. Taking on many different roles in the Mayan religion, he is a god deeply connected not only with acts of creation, but also with knowledge and healing. - Yum Kaax is a nature god who is the god of wild plants and animals. He is associated with writing, divination, medicine, and the World Tree. Height: 8. Itzamna taught humans the crafts of writing and medicine. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. , Ah Puch, Xibalba, and Yum Cimil). (The Bacabs may also have been four manifestations of a single deity. Maya religion and Catholicism had many similarities; both had written and oral traditions, several of which were parallel in plot and content; the Maya had the Popol Vuh, Catholics had the Holy Bible;. Itzamna appears in 14 issues View all Prophecy. Sacrifice was a religious activity in Maya culture, involving the killing of humans or animals, or bloodletting by members of the community, in rituals superintended by priests. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. It has been suggested that God L is the underworld counterpart of Itzamna,. With his lightning axe, Chaac strikes the clouds, causing them to produce thunder and rain. He is also identified as the feathered serpent god Quetzalcóatl by the Toltecs and Aztecs, as Gucumatz to the Quiché Maya of Guatemala, and Ehecatl, the wind god of the Huastecs. Meet the Maya protector of the jungle . Among the most important are Itzamna the Creator, the rain god Chac, the goddess of. His general benevolence and wisdom meant he was often. Twentieth-century Lacandon lore includes tales about a creator god who may be a late. Itzamná Mayan God. His eeriness is further enhanced by his favorite attire: a decaying corpse with an owl’s head, adorned with. Did the Mayans have a maize god? For thousands of years the Mayans worshiped the maize god and believed that their ancestors were made from maize dough. Itzamna was the most important Mayan god, despite usually being depicted as a large-nosed, toothless old man. The Quiche Maya believed that he ruled over Metnal, the underworld and the Yucatec Maya believed that he was just one of. Mayan God Yum Kaax. He was the son of the creator god Hunab Ku and, he was associated with the sun god Kinich Ahau as well as the goddess Ix Chel. The legend also tells that the maidens who die at an early age, ascend to the. But appearances can be deceptive. The case of the Maya God L. 9 in (10 cms). For example, in the mesoamerican culture, Quetzalcoatl or Feathered Serpent God was the white god who visited Earth. Mayan culture and people set. The ruler of the heavens and of day and night, he was often shown in Mayan art as a pleasant, toothless old man with a large nose. (eds. The Mayans while mourning silently during the day, would create a dreadful din at night in order to scare him away. Local Support 24/7 Dedicated support Submit a request. Inti: Incan god of the sun. The Most Important Mayan God. Chaac - the rain god. Also called Ashtoreth. Lacandon and Tzotzil-Tzeltal oral tradition are particularly rich in jaguar lore. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. Maya religious beliefs are formed on the notion that virtually everything in the world contains k'uh, or sacredness. Her husband was the benevolent moon god Itzamna. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Quetzalcoatl, Heniquen, Quipu and more. 5 in (22 cms) Width: 4. Here are 8 of the most important Aztec gods and goddesses. ; Ix Chel - the wife of Itzamna and is the goddess of childbirth, healing, weaving and the moon. Ixchel was a womanly crafts patroness who was frequently depicted as a mean old woman with a bad heart. The Hunab Ku Symbol. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. 5. One common factor linking many mythological pantheons is the presence of a chief sky god. Yum Kaax, is a name in the Mayan language to represent the god or deity of wild vegetation and as well as the guardian of its animals. Itzamna. His aspect is sometimes terrifying, appearing in scenes related to executions. Itzamna is considered the founder of Mayan culture, a creator god and the patron of priests and scribes. The ruler of the heavens and of day and night, he was often shown as a pleasant, toothless old man with a large nose. ( See also Bacab. Itzamna, a creator deity in Maya mythology, is an upper god and one of the most important gods in the Classic and Postclassic Maya pantheon. She was the wife of the sun god Ak Kin, and was often represented accompanied by a rabbit; in hieroglyphics her name. Itzamna is the god of fire and the son of the creator god Hunab Ku. Pic 1: Itzamná is a creator god. Most of the. Believed to be largely kind and protective towards humans, he was the one who taught men to grow maize and how to use calendars, as well as being a god of medicine. Who is the god of L? God L of the Schellhas-Zimmermann-Taube classification of codical gods is one of the major pre-Spanish Maya deities, specifically associated with trade. Editorial by Maggie Rosado y Carlos Rosado. Como algunas de las otras deidades mesoamericanas, los Itzamnás estaban asociados con los puntos de la brújula y sus colores: este, rojo; norte. ITZAMNA. Maya Divine Kings of the Rain Forest. Viracocha was the supreme god of the Incas. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. Their associated narratives (part of Maya mythology) are still largely to be reconstructed. Introduction. She was married to Voltan but mother of the Bacabs by Itzamna. He is typically pictured as an old man, with large square eyes and a hooked nose. Following other accounts, he would have married Ixchel, the goddess of medicine, pregnancies, and sweat baths, and would have generated thirteen sons with her. 43. - Ix Chel is the goddess of medicine and midwifery, also known as the goddess of children. Itzamná is, in Maya mythology, an upper god and creator deity thought to reside in the sky. Maize was. In ancient times, Itzamná was associated with day and night. In the mythical narrative, his rulership over these vast (and seemingly contrasting) domains is ‘powered’ by innate and even arcane knowledge, as. Kʼawiil effigy cast from Tikal. The creator God who brought water and wind. 109). . 2 appearances; The Infinity Gauntlet. He was known as a god of death, darkness, and disaster. mayan god illustration +11. Thirteen gods, the Oxlahuntiku, presided over the heavens; nine. Frecuentemente apareció como cuatro dioses llamados Itzamnás, que cubrían el mundo. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. The veneration of the Bacabs was closely connected to that of the so-called Year Bearers and their prognostics. He taught the Mayan people the arts of literacy, medicine, science, art, sculpture, and agriculture. The most important Maya god was Itzamna, the god of creation and ruler of the heavens. Ah Puch is the god of death, darkness, and disaster and yet also apparently represents regeneration, child birth, and beginnings. Ancient Mesoamerica 9 (1998): 278-296; Grube and Schele, Kuy, the Owl of Omen and War. There are many such gods in the Mayan pantheon, but one of the most famous is the god Itzamna. Hunab Ku. 2005. He was ruler of heaven as well as day and night. She is associated with the moon and was said to be the wife of Itzamna in some Mayan myths. Segundo a mitologia maia, Itzamná fazia parte do casal de poder supremo, marido da versão mais velha da deusa Ix Chel (Deusa O), e juntos eram pais de todos os outros deuses. Some gods were more powerful and influential than others. Itzamna is one of the most ancient Mayan deities. Translated from the Indian language, Itzamna means “lizard house” or “iguana house”. Hunab Ku is a Mayan divinity, recognized within this culture as "The Only God". Because many of the gods. Itzamna was the god of creation, and the Yucatec Maya considered him to be the first priest. No obstante cuál es su papel preciso en este. This is what French anthropologist Jacques Soustelle wrote in his book, Los Mayas. . He was the son of the creator god Hunab Ku and, he was associated with the sun god Kinich Ahau as well as the goddess Ix Chel. He is also credited as creating chronology (math) and the calendar. Some of the most significant gods include Itzamna the Creator, the rain god Chac, and Ah Puch and Akan. In the codices, Itzamná is represented as an old man with toothless jaws and sunken cheeks. Itzamna was amongst the oldest and most important gods in the Mayan religion. Today, the Ix Chel temple on the island of Cuzamil in Cozumel is where they worship the god. As the Maya didn’t have any cardinals or compasses, just think of them as giant entities who hold up the four corners of the sky. Itzamna: Mayan god of fire. Itzamna is sometimes identified with the high god Hunab Ku and the sun god Kinich Ahau. Chaac ("CHAHK") is the Mayan god of rain, thunder and lightning. The ancient Maya had over 150 Gods in their complex religion, each with clearly defined characteristics and purposes. Pre-Columbian Mayan religion was polytheistic. Mayan mythology has a long tradition of veneration of the deities, being for them religion the channel of. Possibly the eldest of this first generation of gods, he served at the head of the Mayan pantheon until around 800 AD when the Aztec Empire. Hunab Ku Mayan God. What was practiced by the Maya to appease the gods and for special ceremonial occasions. Huitzilopochtli – ‘The Hummingbird of the South’. . The serpent was a very important social and religious symbol, revered by the Maya. Kukulcan (pron. 3 appearances; Thor. Itzamna is a prominent Mayan god with deep roots in Mayan mythology and culture. Twentieth-century. In the codices, he’s depicted as an old man with sunken cheeks and toothless jaws. He is a wise deity who rules over the heavens and other Maya gods (Click on image to enlarge) One of the most important gods, Itzamná is a creator god, associated with writing and divination. There are many such gods in the Mayan pantheon, but one of the most famous is the god Itzamna. E. Usually, there is a k'in 'sun'-infix, sometimes in the very. Itzamná is one of the most important gods in the Classic and Postclassic Maya pantheon. He’s the son of the sunny creator god Hunab Ku, and was heavily involved in the development of Maya culture. Despite being one of the most important Mayan gods in its history, there is not much to say about him. These are the deities to point you in the right direction. 1. 2004;Itzamná es un dios cuyo origen data desde los inicios de la historia maya, estando siempre a la cabeza del panteón. The Maya believed in many gods, each representing a different part of life. Used by the Maya for needles, rope, and a beer like drink. The name has been used in the famous book of. He is also the god of the sun, and is said to have created the calendar. To the Mayans, he is the father of all since they recognized him as the only living and true God, considered the god of creation because thanks to him the universe all living beings were made. Itzamna was the god of fire who created the Earth. Itzamna was a powerful deity in the Mayan pantheon, revere. Yopaat is depicted as bearing a flint weapon that represents a thunderbolt. It is an integral part of Mayan identity and culture, connecting indigenous people to the spiritual realm. He’s also known as God K. As a result, the gods were seen as having more power and influence over others. Name: Itzamná. She was believed to have the ability to control. Although little is known about him, scattered references are present in early-colonial Spanish reports and dictionaries. The Mayan Goddess Ixchel of Medicine and the Moon. Buluc Chabtan – The God of War. ), The Maya and their Sacred Narratives. 5 cms) Depth: 3. It's also common for him to be in images where he's setting fire to buildings and stabbing people. Artemis - Greek goddess. A third addition was later added between 950-1150. In addition to their highly organized. The Legend of why it is considered the goddess of the moon begins when she fell in love with Itzamná the sun god, from these a great love was born until one day a prince from another empire appeared and he fell in love with Ixchel, the sister of Ixchel, Ixtab without knowing about the love between Ixchel and Itzamna, to solve the problem. El panteón de los mayas es una vasta colección de deidades que fueron adoradas en toda la región que hoy en día en México comprende Yucatán, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco y Chiapas, y hacia el sur, Guatemala, Belice, El Salvador y Honduras. Of all the depictions of death, Ah Puch was said to be the most feared of the Mayan gods. La mitología maya cuenta con una vasta cantidad de dioses, cada uno con características específicas y representaciones simbólicas que permitían a los mayas entender las fuerzas divinas en su mundo. He is typically pictured as an old man, with large square eyes and a hooked nose. *Current research now indicates this 'Maya' symbol is not of Maya origin and rather an invention by a Catholic missionary to more easily introduce one-god concept into the Maya culture. The Itzamna god reigned as the most powerful Maya god in history. These gods had to be pleased so Maya communities made regular offerings to them,. Although little is known about him, scattered references are present in early-colonial Spanish reports and dictionaries. Because of her link with gestation and health, the Mayan goddess Ixchel was associated with sweat baths, which the Mayas called temazcal: these were a sort of sweat lodges, i. - Yum Kaax is a nature god who is the god of wild plants and animals. Wiki User. The Temple of the Frescoes in Tulum is a small two-story building, the first floor has two rooms and 4 monolithic columns that forms the entrance gaps. Ixchel is a Maya deity known as the Goddess of the Moon, in addition to fertility, childbirth, pregnancy, medicine, rain, womanly crafts, and war. Chaac, the rain god, was thought to be the most important god for any culture that relied heavily on agriculture. Ah Puch. Era considerado como el. Corn was thought to represent the soul’s. References: Google Books: "Philosophy of the Ancient Maya: Lords of Time"; Alexus McLeod; 2018Itzamna Mayan God Ruler of Heaven, Day, and Night Wall Plaque Decor (668) $ 24. The Earth was created by Itzamna, the god of fire. Anubis: Egyptian god of death. Itzamna is the son of the god Hunab Ku and the god of fire. Ishtar - Mesopotamian goddess. There are many stories and myths about Itzamna since he was considered a cultural hero by the Maya. He has many avatars and is known by the different names in different eras. The huge pyramid was dedicated to the Mayan god of creation and agriculture, Itzamna. Itzamna (Itzamná or Itzam Na, also called God D) was counted among one of the most popular Mayan deities in the pre-Columbian pantheon He was designated as the king of heaven and night and day. Mayan mythology is a fascinating and complex set of beliefs, rituals, and traditions passed down orally for thousands of years. The worship and reverence for these deities shaped the cultural, spiritual, and social fabric of the Mayan.